Abdul Razak Mohamed Sikkander; Manoharan Meena; Hazarathaiah Yadav; Nitin Wahi; V. Vidya Lakshmi
Abstract
Chemotherapy for cancer frequently uses organometallic compounds containing platinum, such as oxaliplatin, carboplatin, and cisplatin. They are effective against rapidly dividing cancer ...
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Chemotherapy for cancer frequently uses organometallic compounds containing platinum, such as oxaliplatin, carboplatin, and cisplatin. They are effective against rapidly dividing cancer cells because they form DNA adducts that cause DNA damage and cell death. They work against rapidly dividing cancer cells because of their mechanism of action, which involves the formation of covalent DNA adducts that obstruct DNA replication and transcription. It is true that cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin three platinum containing organometallic compounds, are frequently utilized in cancer chemotherapy. These substances belong to a group of medications called platinum-based chemotherapeutics, and they have been used to treat a number of cancer types. Covalent DNA adducts are formed by oxaliplatin, carboplatin, and cisplatin to produce their anticancer effects. These substances contain platinum atoms that attach to purine bases in DNA to create intrastrain and interstream cross-links. These cross-links damage DNA and cause cell death by interfering with transcription and DNA replication. Platinum-containing compounds are extremely cytotoxic, especially to rapidly dividing cancer cells, because they can cause damage to DNA. The discovery and application of organometallic compounds containing platinum mark a critical advancement in the cancer treatment, and these compounds are still essential parts of chemotherapy regimens. Ongoing research endeavors to ascertain novel compounds based on platinum or substitute metals that exhibit enhanced effectiveness and diminished adverse reactions. These substances are well-known for their capacity to cause DNA damage in quickly proliferating cells, which can result in cell cycle arrest and eventual cell death. Although these conventional platinum drugs have demonstrated efficacy in treating a range of cancers, side effects and resistance development are linked to them. The dynamic field of research aims to improve the overall effectiveness and tolerability of chemotherapy by searching for new anticancer agents. New compounds with improved properties will probably continue to surface as our knowledge of cancer biology and drug development methods grows, which will help cancer treatment approaches to evolve.
